without stones

pūrus, a, um, adj. [Sanscr. root pū, purificare, lustrare; cf.: pŭtus, pŭto; whence also poinê; Lat. poena], clean, pure, i. e. free from any foreign, esp. from any contaminating admixture (syn.: illimis, liquidus).

Lit.

Clean, free from dirt or filth, pure, unstained, undefiled:

purae aedes,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 6:

et manibus puris sumite fontis aquam,

Tib. 2, 1, 14; Hor. Epod. 17, 49; id. S. 1, 4, 68:

vestis,

Verg. A. 12, 169:

ut quicquid inde haurias, purum liquidumque te haurire sentias,

Cic. Caecin. 27, 78:

amnis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 120:

aqua,

id. C. 3, 16, 29; cf. id. Ep. 1, 10, 20:

fons,

Prop. 3 (4), 1, 3:

lympha,

Sil. 7, 170:

amphorae,

Hor. Epod. 2, 15:

fictilia,

Tib. 1, 1, 30:

torus,

id. 1, 3, 26:

purissima mella,

Verg. G. 4, 163:

aëre purior ignis,

Ov. M. 15, 243:

hasta,

unstained with blood, Stat. Th. 11, 450.—

In gen., free or clear from any admixture or obstruction: terra, cleared (from stones, bushes, etc.), Cic. Sen. 17, 59:

sol,

clear, bright, Hor. C. 3, 29, 45:

orbis,

Ov. M. 4, 348:

caelum,

Tib. 4, 1, 10:

luna,

Hor. C. 2, 5, 19:

vesper,

id. ib. 3, 19, 26:

dies,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, 2:

aurum,

refined, without dross, Plin. 33, 4, 25, § 84; 33, 6, 32, § 99:

argentum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 52:

gemma,

Ov. M. 2, 856.— Absol.: pū-rum, i, n., a clear, bright, unclouded sky, Verg. G. 2, 364; Hor. C. 1, 34, 7.—

Transf.

In gen., plain, natural, naked, unadorned, unwrought, unmixed, unadulterated, unsophisticated: argentum, plain, i. e. unornamented, without figures chased upon it, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 22, § 49; 2, 4, 23, § 52; Plin. Ep. 3, 1, 9; Juv. 9, 141; cf.:

coronarum aliae sunt purae, aliae caelatae,

Vitr. 7, 3; and:

utrum lanx pura an caelata sit,

Dig. 6, 1, 6:

vasa,

not pitched, Col. 12, 4, 4:

locus,

not built upon, vacant, Varr. L. L. 5, § 38 Müll.; Liv. 24, 14; Dig. 13, 7, 43:

humus,

Cic. Sen. 15, 59:

solum,

Liv. 1, 44 fin.:

ager,

Ov. F. 3, 582:

campus,

Verg. A. 12, 771:

purus ab arboribus campus,

Ov. M. 3, 709:

hasta,

without an iron head, Prop. 4 (5), 3, 68:

toga,

without purple stripes, Phaedr. 3, 10, 10:

esse utramque sibi per se puramque necesse'st,

unmixed, Lucr. 1, 506.—

Cleansing, purifying:

idem ter socios pura circumtulit undā,

Verg. A. 6, 229:

sulfur,

Tib. 1, 5, 11.—

Trop.

Pure, unspotted, spotless, chaste, undefiled, unpolluted, faultless, etc.:

animus omni admixtione corporis liberatus, purus et integer,

Cic. Sen. 22, 80:

castus animus purusque,

id. Div. 1, 53, 121:

estne quisquam qui tibi purior esse videatur?

id. Rosc. Com. 6, 18:

puriora et dilucidiora,

id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46: vita et pectore puro, Hor.S. 1,6, 64; id. Ep. 1, 2, 67: pectus purum et firmum, stainless, faultless, Enn. ap. Gell. 7, 17 (Trag. v. 340 Vahl.):

familia,

that has solemnized the funeral rites, Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 57:

gladium purum ab omni caede servare,

Sen. Ep. 24, 7:

purae a civili sanguine manus,

id. Suas. 6, 2:

purus sum a peccato,

Vulg. Prov. 20, 9:

pectus purum ab omni sceleris contagione,

Lact. 5, 12, 2.—Of freedom from sensual passion:

animam puram conservare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 134:

noctes, opp. spurcae,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 62; id. Poen. 1, 2, 137; Tib. 1, 3, 26; Mart. 6, 66, 5; 9, 64:

corpus,

Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 9.—With gen.:

integer vitae scelerisque purus,

Hor. C. 1, 22, 1.—Of purity of style:

oratio Catuli sic pura est, ut Latine loqui paene solus videatur,

Cic. de Or. 3, 8, 29; cf.: purum et candidum genus dicendi, id. Or. 16, 53:

sermone puro atque dilucido,

Quint. 11, 1, 53:

sermo quam purissimus,

id. 4, 2, 118:

multo est tersior ac magis purus (Horatius),

id. 10, 1, 94:

pura et illustris brevitas,

Cic. Brut. 75, 262:

pura et incorrupta consuetudo dicendi,

id. ib. 75, 261:

pressus sermo purusque,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 8.—

In partic., in jurid. lang., unconditional, without exception, absolute; entire, complete:

judicium purum,

Cic. Inv. 2, 20, 60:

pura et directa libertas,

Dig. 40, 4, 59:

causa,

ib. 46, 3, 5.—

Clear, complete, over and above:

quid possit ad dominos puri ac reliqui provenire,

clear gain, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 86, § 200.—

Relig. t. t., free from religious claims or consecration:

purus autem locus dicitur, qui neque sacer neque sanctus est neque religiosus, sed ab omnibus huiusmodi nominibus vacare videtur,

Dig. 11, 7, 2, § 4; cf.

ib. § 2: quae tandem est domus ab istā suspicione religionis tam vacua atque pura,

Cic. Har. Resp. 6, 11.—

Not desecrated, undefiled.

Untrodden, fresh:

locus,

Liv. 25, 17, 3.—

Not defiled by a funeral or burial:

familia,

Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 57.—

Free from mourning:

dies,

Ov. F. 2, 558.— Adv., in two forms, pūrē and (ante-class. and poet.) pūrĭ-ter ( sup. ‡ purime, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 252 Müll.), purely, clearly, without spot or mixture.

Lit.

Form pure:

pure eluere vasa,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 3, 3; cf.: pure lautum=aquā purā lavatum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 248 Müll.:

lavare,

Liv. 5, 22.—

Form puriter:

puriter transfundere aquam in alterum dolium,

Cato, R. R. 112:

puriter lavit dentes,

Cat. 39, 14.—

Comp., brightly, clearly:

splendens Pario marmore purius,

Hor. C. 1, 19, 5:

purius osculari,

Sen. Ben. 2, 12, 2.—

Sup.:

quam mundissime purissimeque fiat,

Cato, R. R. 66.—

Trop., purely, chastely; plainly, clearly, simply.

Form pure:

si forte pure velle habere dixerit,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 61:

quiete et pure et eleganter acta aetas,

Cic. Sen. 5, 13:

pure et caste deos venerari,

id. N. D. 1, 2, 3; Liv. 27, 37; cf.:

radix caste pureque collecta,

Plin. 22, 10, 12, § 27.—Of style:

pure et emendate loqui,

Cic. Opt. Gen. 2, 4:

pure apparere,

clearly, obviously, Hor. S. 1, 2, 100:

quid pure tranquillet,

perfectly, fully, id. Ep. 1, 18, 102.—

Form puriter:

si vitam puriter egi,

Cat. 76, 19.—

Sup.:

Scipio omnium aetatis suae purissime locutus,

Gell. 2, 20, 5:

purissime atque illustrissime aliquid describere,

very distinctly, very clearly, id. 9, 13, 4.—

In partic., jurid., unconditionally, simply, absolutely:

aliquid legare,

Dig. 8, 2, 35:

contrahi,

ib. 18, 2, 4; 39, 2, 22 fin.; 26, 2, 11; Gai. Inst. 1, 186.

pūrus, a, um, adj. [Sanscr. root pū, purificare, lustrare; cf.: pŭtus, pŭto; whence also poinê; Lat. poena], clean, pure, i. e. free from any foreign, esp. from any contaminating admixture (syn.: illimis, liquidus).

Lit.

Clean, free from dirt or filth, pure, unstained, undefiled:

purae aedes,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 6:

et manibus puris sumite fontis aquam,

Tib. 2, 1, 14; Hor. Epod. 17, 49; id. S. 1, 4, 68:

vestis,

Verg. A. 12, 169:

ut quicquid inde haurias, purum liquidumque te haurire sentias,

Cic. Caecin. 27, 78:

amnis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 120:

aqua,

id. C. 3, 16, 29; cf. id. Ep. 1, 10, 20:

fons,

Prop. 3 (4), 1, 3:

lympha,

Sil. 7, 170:

amphorae,

Hor. Epod. 2, 15:

fictilia,

Tib. 1, 1, 30:

torus,

id. 1, 3, 26:

purissima mella,

Verg. G. 4, 163:

aëre purior ignis,

Ov. M. 15, 243:

hasta,

unstained with blood, Stat. Th. 11, 450.—

In gen., free or clear from any admixture or obstruction: terra, cleared (from stones, bushes, etc.), Cic. Sen. 17, 59:

sol,

clear, bright, Hor. C. 3, 29, 45:

orbis,

Ov. M. 4, 348:

caelum,

Tib. 4, 1, 10:

luna,

Hor. C. 2, 5, 19:

vesper,

id. ib. 3, 19, 26:

dies,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, 2:

aurum,

refined, without dross, Plin. 33, 4, 25, § 84; 33, 6, 32, § 99:

argentum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 52:

gemma,

Ov. M. 2, 856.— Absol.: pū-rum, i, n., a clear, bright, unclouded sky, Verg. G. 2, 364; Hor. C. 1, 34, 7.—

Transf.

In gen., plain, natural, naked, unadorned, unwrought, unmixed, unadulterated, unsophisticated: argentum, plain, i. e. unornamented, without figures chased upon it, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 22, § 49; 2, 4, 23, § 52; Plin. Ep. 3, 1, 9; Juv. 9, 141; cf.:

coronarum aliae sunt purae, aliae caelatae,

Vitr. 7, 3; and:

utrum lanx pura an caelata sit,

Dig. 6, 1, 6:

vasa,

not pitched, Col. 12, 4, 4:

locus,

not built upon, vacant, Varr. L. L. 5, § 38 Müll.; Liv. 24, 14; Dig. 13, 7, 43:

humus,

Cic. Sen. 15, 59:

solum,

Liv. 1, 44 fin.:

ager,

Ov. F. 3, 582:

campus,

Verg. A. 12, 771:

purus ab arboribus campus,

Ov. M. 3, 709:

hasta,

without an iron head, Prop. 4 (5), 3, 68:

toga,

without purple stripes, Phaedr. 3, 10, 10:

esse utramque sibi per se puramque necesse'st,

unmixed, Lucr. 1, 506.—

Cleansing, purifying:

idem ter socios pura circumtulit undā,

Verg. A. 6, 229:

sulfur,

Tib. 1, 5, 11.—

Trop.

Pure, unspotted, spotless, chaste, undefiled, unpolluted, faultless, etc.:

animus omni admixtione corporis liberatus, purus et integer,

Cic. Sen. 22, 80:

castus animus purusque,

id. Div. 1, 53, 121:

estne quisquam qui tibi purior esse videatur?

id. Rosc. Com. 6, 18:

puriora et dilucidiora,

id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46: vita et pectore puro, Hor.S. 1,6, 64; id. Ep. 1, 2, 67: pectus purum et firmum, stainless, faultless, Enn. ap. Gell. 7, 17 (Trag. v. 340 Vahl.):

familia,

that has solemnized the funeral rites, Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 57:

gladium purum ab omni caede servare,

Sen. Ep. 24, 7:

purae a civili sanguine manus,

id. Suas. 6, 2:

purus sum a peccato,

Vulg. Prov. 20, 9:

pectus purum ab omni sceleris contagione,

Lact. 5, 12, 2.—Of freedom from sensual passion:

animam puram conservare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 134:

noctes, opp. spurcae,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 62; id. Poen. 1, 2, 137; Tib. 1, 3, 26; Mart. 6, 66, 5; 9, 64:

corpus,

Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 9.—With gen.:

integer vitae scelerisque purus,

Hor. C. 1, 22, 1.—Of purity of style:

oratio Catuli sic pura est, ut Latine loqui paene solus videatur,

Cic. de Or. 3, 8, 29; cf.: purum et candidum genus dicendi, id. Or. 16, 53:

sermone puro atque dilucido,

Quint. 11, 1, 53:

sermo quam purissimus,

id. 4, 2, 118:

multo est tersior ac magis purus (Horatius),

id. 10, 1, 94:

pura et illustris brevitas,

Cic. Brut. 75, 262:

pura et incorrupta consuetudo dicendi,

id. ib. 75, 261:

pressus sermo purusque,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 8.—

In partic., in jurid. lang., unconditional, without exception, absolute; entire, complete:

judicium purum,

Cic. Inv. 2, 20, 60:

pura et directa libertas,

Dig. 40, 4, 59:

causa,

ib. 46, 3, 5.—

Clear, complete, over and above:

quid possit ad dominos puri ac reliqui provenire,

clear gain, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 86, § 200.—

Relig. t. t., free from religious claims or consecration:

purus autem locus dicitur, qui neque sacer neque sanctus est neque religiosus, sed ab omnibus huiusmodi nominibus vacare videtur,

Dig. 11, 7, 2, § 4; cf.

ib. § 2: quae tandem est domus ab istā suspicione religionis tam vacua atque pura,

Cic. Har. Resp. 6, 11.—

Not desecrated, undefiled.

Untrodden, fresh:

locus,

Liv. 25, 17, 3.—

Not defiled by a funeral or burial:

familia,

Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 57.—

Free from mourning:

dies,

Ov. F. 2, 558.— Adv., in two forms, pūrē and (ante-class. and poet.) pūrĭ-ter ( sup. ‡ purime, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 252 Müll.), purely, clearly, without spot or mixture.

Lit.

Form pure:

pure eluere vasa,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 3, 3; cf.: pure lautum=aquā purā lavatum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 248 Müll.:

lavare,

Liv. 5, 22.—

Form puriter:

puriter transfundere aquam in alterum dolium,

Cato, R. R. 112:

puriter lavit dentes,

Cat. 39, 14.—

Comp., brightly, clearly:

splendens Pario marmore purius,

Hor. C. 1, 19, 5:

purius osculari,

Sen. Ben. 2, 12, 2.—

Sup.:

quam mundissime purissimeque fiat,

Cato, R. R. 66.—

Trop., purely, chastely; plainly, clearly, simply.

Form pure:

si forte pure velle habere dixerit,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 61:

quiete et pure et eleganter acta aetas,

Cic. Sen. 5, 13:

pure et caste deos venerari,

id. N. D. 1, 2, 3; Liv. 27, 37; cf.:

radix caste pureque collecta,

Plin. 22, 10, 12, § 27.—Of style:

pure et emendate loqui,

Cic. Opt. Gen. 2, 4:

pure apparere,

clearly, obviously, Hor. S. 1, 2, 100:

quid pure tranquillet,

perfectly, fully, id. Ep. 1, 18, 102.—

Form puriter:

si vitam puriter egi,

Cat. 76, 19.—

Sup.:

Scipio omnium aetatis suae purissime locutus,

Gell. 2, 20, 5:

purissime atque illustrissime aliquid describere,

very distinctly, very clearly, id. 9, 13, 4.—

In partic., jurid., unconditionally, simply, absolutely:

aliquid legare,

Dig. 8, 2, 35:

contrahi,

ib. 18, 2, 4; 39, 2, 22 fin.; 26, 2, 11; Gai. Inst. 1, 186.

ordo, ĭnis, m. [from root or-; Sanscr. ar-, to go, strive upward; cf. orior, through an adj. stem ordo-; v. Corss. Krit. Beitr. p. 108], a regular row, line, or series, methodical arrangement, order (class.; syn.: series, tenor).

In gen.:

ordinem sic definiunt compositionem rerum aptis et accommodatis locis,

Cic. Off. 1, 40, 142:

vis ordinis et collocationis,

id. ib. 1, 40, 142:

arbores in ordinem satae,

i. e. planted in a quincunx, Varr. R. R. 1, 7; cf. Cic. Caecil. 8, 22; id. Sen. 17, 59.—

Esp., right order, regular succession:

fatum appello ordinem seriemque causarum,

Cic. Div. 1, 55, 125:

nihil esse pulchrius in omni ratione vitae dispositione atque ordine,

Col. 12, 2:

adhibere modum quendam et ordinem rebus,

Cic. Off. 1, 5, 17:

mox referam me ad ordinem,

will soon bring myself to order, return to order, id. Ac. 2, 20, 67:

res in ordinem redigere,

to reduce to order, Auct. Her. 3, 9, 16; so,

in ordinem adducere,

Cic. Univ. 3:

ordinem conservare,

id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6:

eundem tenere,

to preserve, id. Phil. 5, 13, 35:

sequi,

id. Brut. 69, 244:

immutare,

to change, id. Or. 63, 214:

perturbare,

to disturb, id. Brut. 62, 223: cogere or redigere in ordinem, to reduce to order, to humble, degrade:

decemviri querentes, se in ordinem cogi,

Liv. 3, 51; 3, 35; Plin. Ep. 1, 23, 1; Quint. 1, 4, 3; so,

in ordinem redactus,

Suet. Vesp. 15; cf.

trop.: gula reprimenda et quasi in ordinem redigenda est,

Plin. Ep. 2, 6, 5.—

Adverb. expressions.

Ordine, in ordinem, per ordinem, in ordine, ex ordine, in order, in turn:

Hegioni rem enarrato omnem ordine,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 53; Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 17; Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 28:

interrogare,

Cic. Part. 1, 2:

tabulae in ordinem confectae,

id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6:

ordine cuncta exposuit,

Liv. 3, 50, 4; 30, 15, 1:

sortiti nocte singuli per ordinem,

Quint. 4, 2, 72:

hos Corydon, illos referebat in ordine Thyrsis,

Verg. E. 7, 20; id. A. 8, 629:

ut quisque aetate et honore antecedebat, ita sententiam dixit ex ordine,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 64, § 143:

ordine se vocante,

when his turn came, Macr. S. 2, 2, § 12:

in ordine vicis,

Vulg. Luc. 1, 8.—

Ordine, regularly, properly, appropriately:

omnia ut quidque Egisti ordine scio,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 15:

rem demonstravi ordine,

id. Mil. 3, 3, 2; id. Capt. 2, 3, 17 Brix ad loc.:

an id recte, ordine, e re publicā factum esse defendes?

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 194:

si hoc recte atque ordine factum videtur,

id. Quint. 7, 28.—

Ex ordine, in succession, without intermission:

vendit Italiae possessiones ex ordine omnes,

Cic. Agr. 1, 2, 4:

septem illum totos perhibent ex ordine menses Flevisse,

Verg. G. 4, 507; cf. id. A. 5, 773.—

Extra ordinem.

Out of course, in an unusual or extraordinary manner:

extra ordinem decernere provinciam alicui,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 19:

crimina probantur,

in an illegal manner, Dig. 48, 1, 8.—

Extraordinarily, i. e. uncommonly, eminently, especially:

ad eam spem, quam extra ordinem de te ipso habemus, accedunt tua praecipua,

Cic. Fam. 6, 5, 3.—

Transf. concr.

In gen.

Tres ordines lapidum, three courses of stones, Vulg. 3 Reg. 6, 36.—In building, a row, course, or layer of stones, etc.:

obstructis in speciem portis singulis ordinibus caespitum,

Caes. B. G. 5, 51:

alius insuper ordo adicitur,

id. ib. 7, 23: tot premit ordinibus caput, tiers or layers of ornaments, Juv. 6, 502. —

A row of benches or seats:

terno consurgunt ordine remi,

in three rows of oar-banks, Verg. A. 5, 120:

sex ordinum navem invenit Xenagoras,

Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 208.—In the theatre, a row of seats: post senatores ex vetere instituto quatuordecim graduum ordines equestri ordini assignati fuere, Suet. [p. 1278] Aug. 44:

sedisti in quatuordecim ordinibus,

Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 44.—

A train of servants or attendants:

comitum longissimus ordo,

Juv. 3, 284.—

In milit. lang.

A line or rank of soldiers in battle array:

auxilia regis nullo ordine iter fecerant,

Caes. B. C. 2, 26:

ne quisquam ordine egrederetur,

Sall. J. 45, 2:

nullo ordine commutato,

id. ib. 101, 2:

sine signis, sine ordinibus,

id. ib. 97, 5; so,

signa atque ordines observare,

to keep the ranks, remain in line, id. ib. 51, 1:

conturbare,

id. ib. 50, 4:

restituere,

id. ib. 51, 3; Liv. 2, 50; 8, 8.—

A band, troop, company of soldiers:

viri fortissimi atque honestissimi, qui ordines duxerunt,

who have led companies, have been officers, Cic. Phil. 1, 8, 20:

L. Pupius primipili centurio, qui hunc eundem ordinem in exercitu Pompeii antea duxerat,

Caes. B. C. 1, 13. —Hence,

A captaincy, a command: ordinem alicui adimere, Tab. Heracl. ap. Mazoch. p. 423, n. 47; cf.

on the contrary: alicui assignare,

Liv. 42, 34:

DARE,

Inscr. Orell. 3456:

centuriones ad superiores ordines transducere,

Caes. B. G. 6, 40; cf. id. ib. 5, 4, 4.—

Ordines, chieftains, captains:

tribunis militum primisque ordinibus convocatis,

the captains of the first companies, Caes. B. G. 6, 7 fin.; Liv. 30, 4, 1.—

In a polit. respect, an order, i. e. a rank, class, degree of citizens:

et meus med ordo inrideat,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 55.—In the time of Cicero there were three principal classes, ordo senatorius, equester, and plebeius:

Fidiculanius cujus erat ordinis? senatoril,

Cic. Clu. 37, 104; id. Fl. 18, 43:

proximus est huic dignitati equester ordo,

Cic. Dom. 28, 74; Suet. Aug. 41:

inferiores loco, auctoritate, ordine,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 48, § 127: ordo amplissimus, i. e. the Senate:

quem absentem in amplissimum ordinem cooptarunt,

id. Cael. 2, 5;

also termed SPLENDIDISSIMVS ORDO,

Inscr. Orell. 1180; 1181; and simply ordo, the order, for the Senate:

ordo Mutinensis,

Tac. H. 2, 52; Inscr. Grut. 425, 1:

trecentos ex dediticiis electos utriusque ordinis,

i. e. of the two upper classes, Suet. Aug. 15.—

In gen., a class, rank, station, condition:

mearum me rerum aequom'st novisse ordinem,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 50:

publicanorum,

Cic. Fam. 13, 9, 2:

aratorum, pecuariorum, mercatorum,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:

homo ornatissimus loco, ordine, nomine,

id. ib. 2, 1, 48, §

127: libertini,

Suet. Gram. 18.—So in the inscrr.: SACERDOTVM, HARVSPICVM, etc., Grut. 320, 12; 304, 7; 302, 2 et saep.; so,

grammatici alios auctores in ordinem redigerunt, alios omnino exemerant numero,

recognized among, placed in the rank of, Quint. 1, 4, 3.—

Esp. (eccl. Lat.), an order in the church, an ecclesiastical rank or office:

ordines sacerdotum et Levitarum,

Vulg. 2 Esdr. 13, 30:

secundum ordinem Melchisedek,

id. Psa. 109, 5.

dĭătŏnus, a, um, adj., = diatonos (extended).

In architecture:

lateres,

band-stones, which run through the thickness of a wall and bind it together, Vitr. 2, 8, 7.—

In music: diatonum, i, the natural or diatonic series of notes without breaks or intervals, the diatonic scale, Vitr. 5, 4, 3 sq.; Macr. Somn. Scip. 2, 4.

dĭătŏnus, a, um, adj., = diatonos (extended).

In architecture:

lateres,

band-stones, which run through the thickness of a wall and bind it together, Vitr. 2, 8, 7.—

In music: diatonum, i, the natural or diatonic series of notes without breaks or intervals, the diatonic scale, Vitr. 5, 4, 3 sq.; Macr. Somn. Scip. 2, 4.

pōmērĭum and pōmoerĭum (the first is most freq. in inscrr., the latter in MSS.;

but the better manuscripts have also,

Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 13, and Tac. A. 12, 23 and 24, pomerium. A third form, post-moerium, Varr. L. L. 5, § 143 Müll., seems merely to have been assumed from the etymology; a fourth archaic form is posi-merium, pontificale pomoerium, qui auspicato olim quidem omnem urbem ambiebat praeter Aventinum... estque prosimerium quasi proxi-murium, pontifices auspicabantur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 248 Müll.), ĭi, n. [post-moerus = murus].

Lit., the open space left free from buildings within and without the walls of a town, bounded by stones (cippi or termini), and limiting the city auspices, Varr. L. L. 5, § 143 Müll.; Liv. 1, 44; Gell. 13, 14, 6; 15, 27, 4; Tac. A. 12, 23 and 24: POMERIVM, Inscr. (746 A. U. C.) Orell. 1; Inscr. Grut. 242 (Orell. 1, p. 567); Inscr. Orell. 710;

Inscr. (A. D. 121) Orell. 811: pomoerium intrare, transire,

Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11:

de pomoerii jure,

id. Div. 2, 35, 75:

sales intra pomeria nati,

i. e. of the city, Juv. 9, 11.—

Trop., bounds, limits (ante- and post-class.):

qui minore pomerio finierunt,

who have prescribed narrower limits to themselves, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 13; Macr. S. 1, 24.

pōmērĭum and pōmoerĭum (the first is most freq. in inscrr., the latter in MSS.;

but the better manuscripts have also,

Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 13, and Tac. A. 12, 23 and 24, pomerium. A third form, post-moerium, Varr. L. L. 5, § 143 Müll., seems merely to have been assumed from the etymology; a fourth archaic form is posi-merium, pontificale pomoerium, qui auspicato olim quidem omnem urbem ambiebat praeter Aventinum... estque prosimerium quasi proxi-murium, pontifices auspicabantur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 248 Müll.), ĭi, n. [post-moerus = murus].

Lit., the open space left free from buildings within and without the walls of a town, bounded by stones (cippi or termini), and limiting the city auspices, Varr. L. L. 5, § 143 Müll.; Liv. 1, 44; Gell. 13, 14, 6; 15, 27, 4; Tac. A. 12, 23 and 24: POMERIVM, Inscr. (746 A. U. C.) Orell. 1; Inscr. Grut. 242 (Orell. 1, p. 567); Inscr. Orell. 710;

Inscr. (A. D. 121) Orell. 811: pomoerium intrare, transire,

Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11:

de pomoerii jure,

id. Div. 2, 35, 75:

sales intra pomeria nati,

i. e. of the city, Juv. 9, 11.—

Trop., bounds, limits (ante- and post-class.):

qui minore pomerio finierunt,

who have prescribed narrower limits to themselves, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 13; Macr. S. 1, 24.

scrībo, psi, ptum, 3 ( perf. sync. scripsti, Plaut. As. 4, 1, 57: scripstis, Enn. ap. Non. 153, 28, or Trag. v. 239 Vahl.; inf. scripse, Aus. Sept. Sap. Lud. 1; cf. 2. dico init.), v. a. [root skrabh-, to dig; whence, Gr. graphô; Lat. scrobis, scrofa; cf. Germ. schreiben], prop., to scratch, grave, engrave with a sharp point; hence,

In gen.

Lit., to write, draw, or otherwise make lines, letters, figures, etc. (cf. scalpo):

in libro cum scribuntur calamo litterae,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 131; cf. id. Bacch. 4, 4, 76 sq.:

litteras, tabellas,

id. Ps. 1, 1, 28:

(littera M) etiamsi scribitur, tamen parum exprimitur,

Quint. 9, 4, 40; cf. id. 1, 7, 28:

nostri praeceptores cervum servumque u et o litteris scripserunt,

id. 1, 7, 26; cf. id. 1, 7, 4; 1, 7, 20; 1, 7, 30; 12, 10, 28;

12, 10, 30: terra in augurum libris scripta cum r uno,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 21 Müll.:

hic carmen mediā scribe columnā,

Prop. 4 (5), 7, 83; cf.:

scribitur vestris Cynthia corticibus,

id. 1, 18, 22; Ov. M. 9, 527; Luc. 2, 343:

in aquā,

Cat. 68, 4; cf.

also: fac lapis his scriptus stet super ossa notis: hic jacet, etc.,

Tib. 1, 3, 54 (but the better reading is inscriptis):

scribere decore,

to write a good hand, Amm. 30, 9, 4:

erat scriptum ipsius manu,

Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10:

suā manu scripsit,

Liv. 37, 10.—Of drawing, etc.:

si quis fugitivo stigmata scripserit,

has branded a runaway, Quint. 7, 4, 14; cf.: charaxat ambas ungulis scribentibus genas, Prud. steph. 10, 557:

totius vobis Frontem tabernae scipionibus scribam,

Cat. 37, 10:

(Diodotus Stoicus) geometriae munus tuebatur, verbis praecipiens discentibus, unde, quo quamque lineam scriberent,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 113:

ut formam (porticus) secundum rationem loci scribas,

draw, design, Plin. Ep. 9, 39, 5; Stat. S. 1, 3, 9:

quae Attalicis variata per artem Aulaeis scribuntur acu,

i. e. are embroidered, Sil. 14, 660:

scripto radiat Germanicus auro, i. e. sculpto,

Juv. 6, 205; cf. Mart. 11, 5, 3.—

Trop.: memor essem? etiam nunc mihi Scripta illa dicta sunt in animo Chrysidis De Glycerio, graven, imprinted (syn.:

inscripta, insculpta),

Ter. And. 1, 5, 48:

arva sanguineo scribit rutilantia gyro,

Stat. Th. 11, 514.—

In partic., with the accessory idea of intellectual action, of written composition of every kind, to write, write down, compose, describe, depict; to draw up, communicate, announce in writing (syn.: compono, perscribo).

With acc.:

quoniam de re publicā multa quaesierint et scripserint,

Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12:

Cn. Aufidius praetorius (caecus) Graecam scribebat historiam,

id. Tusc. 5, 38, 112; so,

historiam,

id. de Or. 2, 12, 51; id. Brut. 75, 262:

bellum,

Liv. 21, 1:

res gestas,

Hor. A. P. 74; id. Ep. 1, 3, 7 al.:

librum de rebus rusticis,

Cic. Sen. 15, 54:

scripsi etiam versibus tres libros de temporibus meis,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:

in Catone Majore, qui est scriptus ad te de senectute,

id. Lael. 1, 4:

carmen in aliquem,

id. de Or. 2, 86, 352:

Furius defensionem causae suae scripsit,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 112; cf. Quint. 2, 15, 29:

libellos,

Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 61; id. P. 4, 13, 19:

notas,

id. ib. 3, 2, 90:

Diphilus Hanc (fabulam) Graece scripsit,

Plaut. Cas. prol. 33; Ter. Heaut. prol. 43; id. Hec. prol. 6 (cf. also infra, d):

versus,

Lucr. 1, 24; Hor. S. 1, 9, 23; 1, 10, 60:

carmina,

id. ib. 2, 5, 74; id. Ep. 1, 19, 3:

poëmata,

id. ib. 2, 2, 66 et saep.; cf.: scripsere alii rem Versibus, Enn. ap. Cic. Brut. 19, 76 (Ann. v. 221 Vahl.):

formam et situm agri alicui,

to describe, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 4 et saep.—Of written communications, letters, etc.:

epistulis tuis perdiligenter scriptis,

Cic. Att. 1, 11, 1; cf. Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 1:

haec scripsi properans,

Cic. Att. 2, 19, 5:

litteras, quas ad Pompeium scripsi, tibi misi,

id. ib. 3, 9, 3:

litterae extemplo Romam scriptae,

Liv. 41, 16:

plura ad te scribam, si, etc.,

Cic. Att. 11, 10, 3:

scriberem ad te de hoc plura, si Romae esses,

id. ib. 6, 4, 11:

haec ad te scripsi verbosius,

id. Fam. 7, 3, 5:

scriptā jam epistulā superiore,

id. ib. 1, 9, 26:

non quo haberem, quod tibi scriberem,

id. Att. 4, 4, a:

epistulam,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 8 et saep.:

scribere salutem,

to send a greeting, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 77; cf.:

laudes atque gratias populo Romano,

Gell. 3, 8, 5.—With a personal object:

nullos habeo scriptos (homines), memini tamen,

written down, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:

per eum Marium, quem scripsissem,

Cic. Att. 12, 49, 1: quis Martem digne scripserit aut...Merionem aut...Tydiden? who could depict, represent, etc., Hor. C. 1, 6, 14; id. S. 2, 1, 16; cf. in the pass.:

scriberis Vario fortis et hostium Victor,

id. C. 1, 6, 1.—With two acc.: cum auctor pugnae se A. Cornelium Cossum consulem scripserit, subscribed himself, declared himself in the inscription to be, Liv. 4, 20, 11.—

With object-clause:

in foribus scribat occupatum esse se,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 15:

ut Africanum avum meum scribit Cato solitum esse dicere,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 27; id. Att. 1, 8, 1; cf.:

Romae quod scribis sileri, ita putabam,

id. ib. 2, 13, 2:

quod ad te scripseram me in Epiro futurum,

id. ib. 3, 13, 1:

Graeceius ad me scripsit, C. Cassium sibi scripsisse, homines comparari, qui, etc.,

id. ib. 15, 8, 2:

Cicero quodam loco scribit, id esse optimum, etc.,

Quint. 11, 1, 92:

post paulo scribit, sibi millia quinque Esse domi chlamydum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 43 et saep.—In pass., with nom. or acc.:

eadem haec avis scribitur conchis se solere complere, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125: scribitur nobis, magnam veteranorum multitudinem Romam convenisse jam, etc., Brut. et Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 2, 1:

scriptum est item, quaesivisse (Socratem), quid esset,

Cic. Div. 1, 54, 123.—

With rel.-clause:

nec scribis, quam ad diem te exspectemus,

Cic. Att. 3, 7, 1:

scribe aliquando ad nos, quid agas,

id. Fam. 7, 12, 2:

ad me Valerius scripsit... quem ad modum ducta esses, etc.,

id. ib. 14, 2, 2.—

Absol.:

quo (Platone) nemo in scribendo praestantior fuit,

Cic. Rep. 2, 11, 21; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 13:

Demophilus scripsit, Marcus vortit barbare,

Plaut. As. prol. 11; id. Trin. prol. 19:

poëta quom primum ad scribendum animum appulit,

Ter. And. prol. 1; id. Heaut. prol. 7:

sumite materiem vestris, qui scribitis, aequam Viribus,

Hor. A. P. 38:

sic raro scribis, ut toto non quater anno Membranam poscas,

id. S. 2, 3, 1 et saep.:

Samiae, ut ibi (i. e. in oratione) scribit Laelius, capedines,

Cic. Rep. 6, 2, 11; cf. id. ib. 1, 16, 25:

ut, quemadmodum scribit ille, cottidiano, etc.,

id. ib. 6, 2, 8:

denique non video de tot scribentibus unum,

Ov. Tr. 2, 495.—So freq. of written communications, letters; usually with ad aliquem (less freq. alicui) or de aliquā re:

tv si, ut scribis, Kal. Jun. Romā profectus es, etc.,

Cic. Att. 3, 9, 3:

ego te, ut scribis, cito videbo,

id. ib. 3, 27:

nihil habeo, quod ad te scribam, scribo tamen, non ut te delectem, etc.,

id. ib. 14, 12, 3:

senatusconsultum si erit factum, scribes ad me,

id. ib. 5, 4, 2; cf.:

scripsi etiam ad Camillum, ad Lamiam,

id. ib. 5, 8, 3:

in quā (epistulā) de agro Campano scribis,

id. ib. 2, 16, 11:

ut nuper me scis scripsisse ad te de Varronis erga me officio, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 25, 1; cf.:

Hermae tui Pentelici, de quibus ad me scripsisti,

id. ib. 1, 8, 2; 1, 9, 2 et saep.— With ut, ne, etc.:

velim domum ad te scribas, ut mihi tui libri pateant,

Cic. Att. 4, 14, 1:

ad me scriberet, ut in Italiam quam primum venirem,

id. ib. 11, 7, 2; 5, 11, 6.— With dat.:

consules Fulvio, ut ex Falisco, Postumio, ut ex Vaticano exercitum ad Clusium admoveant, scribunt,

Liv. 10, 27; 42, 27; Tac. A. 1, 29.—With ne:

Scipioni scribendum, ne bellum remitteret,

Liv. 30, 23.—With simple subj.:

scribit Labieno, si rei publicae commodo facere posset, cum legione ad fines Nerviorum veniat,

Caes. B. G. 5, 46 fin. —In Tac. also, with inf.:

scribitur tetrarchis ac regibus, jussis Corbulonis obsequi,

Tac. A. 15, 25 fin. —In eccl. Lat. as a formula of quotation from the Scriptures:

scriptum est,

i. e. it is said in Holy Writ, Vulg. Matt. 4, 4; id. Luc. 19, 46; id. Rom. 11, 8 et saep.—

Publicists', milit., jurid., and business t. t., of written plans, drafts, and other writings of various import.

Publicists' t. t., to draw up, draught a law, decree, treaty, etc.:

quod proditum memoria est, X. viros, qui leges scripserint, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 54; so,

leges,

id. ib. 2, 36, 61; 2, 10, 18; id. Rosc. Am. 25, 70; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Inv. 1, 38, 68 al.; cf.

in a transf. signif.: cui non apparet, inopiam et miseriam civitatis istam legem scripsisse, etc.,

Liv. 34, 6 fin.; and:

testamentum, quod pietas, fides, pudor scripsit,

Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 7:

haec senatusconsulta non ignoro ab amicissimis ejus, cujus de honore agitur, scribi solere,

Cic. Fam. 15, 6, 2.—So very freq.: senatusconsulto scribendo, or simply scribendo adesse, or also, ad scribendum esse, to witness the drawing up of a decree of the Senate; to subscribe it: erat nobis dictum, te existimare, alicui senatusconsulto, quod contra dignitatem tuam fieret, scribendo Lamiam [p. 1648] affuisse, qui omnino consulibus illis numquam fuit ad scribendum, Cic. Fam. 12, 29, 2 Orell. N. cr.; cf.: senatusconsulta scribuntur apud familiarem meum (i. e. Caesarem). Et quidem cum in mentem venit (Caesari), ponor ad scribendum (i. e. he adds my signature to it), id. ib. 9, 15, 4:

quod me esse ad scribendum vides,

id. Att. 1, 19, 9; id. Fam. 9, 15, 3: S. C. auctoritas. Pridie Kal. Octob. in aede Apollinis scrib. affuerunt L. Domitius, etc., an official formula ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 5 sq. (v. assum):

Boeotorum gentem numquam ad scribendum amicitiae foedus adduci potuisse,

to make, enter into, conclude, Liv. 42, 12.—

Milit. t. t.: scribere milites (legiones, supplementum, etc.), to enlist, enroll, levy:

milites,

Sall. J. 43, 3:

legiones,

id. C. 32, 1:

exercitui supplementum,

id. J. 39, 2:

supplementum legionibus,

Cic. Fam. 3, 3, 1; Liv. 8, 8:

exercitum,

id. 4, 43; 9, 8; 9, 19:

equites,

id. 10, 25; 21, 40; 35, 20:

socios navales,

id. 37, 2; so, too: sex milia colonorum Albam in Aequos, to enroll for the purpose of sending, to send, id. 10, 1:

socios scribere in urbem,

id. 4, 11, 4.—

Poet., transf.:

scribe tui gregis hunc,

enroll him among your retinue, Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 13.—

Jurid. and business t. t.: dicam scribere (alicui), like dikên graphein tini, to bring an action in writing against any one (v. dica); of a lawyer, to draw up legal instruments (complaints or charges, contracts, wills, etc.):

Servius hanc urbanam militiam respondendi, scribendi, cavendi secutus est,

Cic. Mur. 9, 19; id. Fam. 7, 14 Manut.; cf. id. Leg. 1, 4, 14:

omnia testamenta tu scribes unus,

id. de Or. 2, 6, 24; Dig. 28, 2, 25.—Hence, transf., with a personal object: aliquem heredem, to appoint or designate any one as heir:

testamentum palam fecerat et illum heredem et me scripserat,

Cic. Mil. 18, 48; cf.:

in testamento Ptolemaei patris heredes erant scripti, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 3, 108:

quem Micipsa testamento secundum heredem scripsit,

Sall. J. 65, 1; Auct. B. Alex. 33; Plin. Pan. 43, 1 sq.; Tac. A. 14, 31; Hor. S. 2, 5, 48; Juv. 3, 161; 9, 87:

aliquem coheredem,

Tac. Agr. 43 fin.:

aliquem exheredem,

to disinherit any one by will, Dig. 37, 4, 8, §§

1 and 6: aliquem tutorem liberis suis,

to appoint as guardian by will, Cic. Clu. 14, 41:

libertatem servo,

to bequeath to a slave his freedom, Dig. 29, 2, 71.—Of contracts, notes, drafts, etc.:

pulchre scripsti: scitum syngraphum!

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 57: nummos, usuras, etc. (alicui), to give a note or bond for:

scribit nummos,

id. ib. 2, 4, 34:

sibi creditam pecuniam,

Dig. 26, 7, 9, § 7:

genero usuras praestandas quasi ex dotis promissione,

ib. 4, 4, 17:

lecta est cautio hujusmodi: Lutius Titius scripsi, me accepisse a Publio Maevio quindecim mutua numerata mihi de domo, etc.,

ib. 12, 1, 40: scribe decem (tabulas) a Nerio, give ten notes or bonds drawn up by the usurer Nerius, Hor. S. 2, 3, 69. scriptos expendere nummos, v. l. ap. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 105 (Hold. cautos); cf. rescribo.—Hence, scriptum, i, n., something written, viz.,

(Acc. to I.) A line; so only: duodecim scripta, a game played with colored stones (calculi) on a draught-board marked into spaces by twelve oblique lines: tibi concedo, quod in duodecim scriptis olim, ut calculum reducas, si te alicujus dati poenitet, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 170, 30; cf.:

in lusu duodecim scriptorum cum prior calculum promovisset essetque victus, etc.,

Quint. 11, 2, 38;

v. also scriptula, and Becker, Gall. 3, pp. 261 and 264 sq.: duodecim scriptis ludere,

Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 217.—

(Acc. to II.) A written composition, writing, treatise, book, work, etc. (most freq. in plur.):

ex scripto et sententiā controversia nascitur cum videtur scriptoris voluntas cum scripto ipso dissentire,

the writing, the written expression, Auct. Her. 1, 11, 19:

incredibile dictu est, quam multi Graeci de harum valvarum pulchritudine scriptum reliquerunt,

have left something written concerning it, speak of it in their writings, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 56, § 124; so Quint. 6, 1, 7; cf. in plur., Cic. Rep. 1, 22, 36:

quod a Democrito et Platone in scriptis relictum esse dicunt,

id. de Or. 2, 46, 194:

utinam exstarent illa carmina, quae multis saeculis ante suam aetatem in epulis esse cantata, in Originibus scriptum reliquit Cato!

id. Brut. 19, 75: ut ipsis scriptis non ea mandaremus, id. Off. 2, 1, 3:

in quo libro scriptum hoc invenitur,

Quint. 1, 1, 15:

Hortensius erat memoriā tantā, ut quae secum commentatus esset, ea sine scripto verbis eisdem redderet, quibus cogitavisset,

without notes, Cic. Brut. 88, 301; cf. on the contrary: de scripto dicere, to speak or read from a written paper:

recitetur oratio, quae propter rei magnitudinem dicta de scripto est,

id. Planc. 30, 74; id. Phil. 10, 2, 5; id. Brut. 12, 46; id. Att. 4, 3, 3; id. Fam. 10, 13, 1:

laudavit pater scripto meo,

in a speech composed by me, id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 5:

adire aliquem scripto,

Tac. H. 4, 39:

cum eorum inventis scriptisque se oblectent,

writings, Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 28:

ardeo cupiditate...nomen ut nostrum scriptis illustretur et celebretur tuis,

id. Fam. 5, 12, 1:

scripta recitare,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 75:

nosmet Lucili scripta legentes,

id. ib. 1, 10, 56:

Graecorum Scripta optima,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 29:

si non accipiet scriptum,

Ov. A. A. 1, 469:

debueram scripto certior esse tuo,

id. H. 6, 4.—

(Acc. to II. B. 1.) Scriptum legis, and simply scriptum, a written ordinance, a law:

quam tu mihi ex ordine recita de legis scripto populi Romani auctionem,

Cic. Agr. 2, 18, 48:

(Crassus) ita multa tum contra scriptum pro aequo et bono dixit, ut, etc.,

id. Brut. 39, 145; cf. id. Inv. 2, 46, 135; 2, 47, 138; cf.:

(senatus) scripto illo istius sententiam dicere vetabatur,

rescript, id. Dom. 26, 69.